Firearm.



G. HAMMOND.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED APR.20,1915

Patented Feb. 18, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

1 1 .www A A TORNEY.

WITNESS/ES W; W@ e. f ww G. HAMMOND.

FIREARNI.

APPLrcATIoN man APn.2o.1915.

1,294,45 1 Paented Feb. 1S, 1919.

\\ A ORNEY.

G. HAMMOND.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED APII.2o. IsI5.

Patented Feb-18, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

INVENTOR.

7M/wr BY ATTORNEY.'

W I TNESSES W. 6MM/- STATES. PATENT ormoni.'

GRANT HAMMOND, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIG'NOR TO DALTON ARMS CORPO- IpATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A. CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

FIREARM.

Specication of Letters' Patent.

Patented Feb. 1 8, 1919.

Application led April 20, 1915. Serial No. 22,590.

To all whom t may concern:

v` Be it known that I, GRANT HAMMOND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and Improved Firearm, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the class of devices above named and an object of my invention, among others, is to provide a firearm that shall be particularly effective in operation and that shall not become inoperative` under the regular conditions of use.

A construction of firearm embodying my invention and in the making and use of which the objects herein set out, as well as others, may be attained, is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a view in side elevation of a rifle embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a view in central longitudinal section through that part of the riiie containing the operating mechanism, the scale being larger than that of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a detail view in section on plane denoted by dotted line 3--3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a detail cross section view, on an enlarged scale through the firing bolt sleeve head on plane passing through the safety lug and showing the construction and operation of the safety locking mechanism, the latter being in its normal position.

Fig. 5 is a like view showing the intermediate position of the ysafety locking member.

Fig. 6 is another similar view showing the position of the safety locking member when the breech-bolt and firing pin are locked against operation.

Fi 7 is a detail View, scale enlarged, showing the construction and operation of the scar and mechanism appui-tenant to the rear end of the breech-bolt..

Fig. 8 is a detail view of a portion of my improved firearm partially in section longitudinally on different planes showing the construction and operation of the parts.

Fig. 9 is a top plan view in longitudinal section through that part of the device shown-in Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a detail view in side elevation, partially in section, and looking in the opposite direction from thepoint o f View of Fig. 8, and illustrating the operatlon of the magazine shifting mechanism.

through 'the extractor supporting ring.

Fig. 17 is a view in side elevation of a portion of a firearm, with parts broken away to show construction and with the top forepiece removed.'

Fig. 18 is a detail view in side elevation of the frame and attached parts illustrating the construction and operation of the maga- A zine Fig.- 19 is a detail view illustrating the manner of locking the trigger parts.

My invention need not be confined to any special type of firearm, but as it is especially applicable to that class which are supported on the person and commonly against the shoulder when fired I have chosen such type for the purpose of illustration herein.

In the drawings forming a part of this specification the numeral 10 indicates the stock of a firearm that includes the fore stock comprising a top piece 1l and a bottom piece 12, preferably composedof wood and shaped yand formed to receive the metallic parts in a manner well known. The barrel 13 is secured to the frame orreceiver 14 as by means of interengaging screw threads, those in the frame being formed in the wall of a counter-bored recess 16, and the rear end of the barrel being located to form a locking groove 15 between its end and the shoulder formed by the bottom of the counter-bored recess, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. Releasing grooves 17 extend from the locking groove into a discharge opening 18 formed through the frame in the direction of its depth, the wall of the locking groove being beveled or cut away, as at 19, at those parts where it is entered by the releasing grooves, and in a manner to aid the movement of breech-bolt lugs into the releasin grooves.

A. breecholt 20 is rotatably mounted in the breech-bolt chamber that extends from the rear end of the frame across the discharge opening 18 and into the counter- 25, Located in said firing pin chamber and hole, in position to strike the primer ofa cartridge 24, has a head 26 having a threaded opening to receive the threaded end of a firing bolt 27, said parts being held against relative turning movement to disengage them by a firing pin latch 28 pivotally mounted in a slot in the head with its end engaging a notch 29 in the side of the firing bolt, as herein shown the threaded end of the bolt being reduced to form a shoulder to contain said notch.

The wall of the spring 'chamber 22 is threaded at its rear end to receive the threaded end of a firing bolt sleeve 3() having a head 31 with an annular groove 32 in its front face to receive the end of the breech-bolt, said head being non-circular in shape in cross section to fit a recess 39 of correspondingv shape opening into the breech-bolt chamber at the rear end of the frame. f i

A breech-bolt locking pin 33 is seated upon a spring in a recess in the head, the end of said pin having an unlocking prong 34, a shoulder 35 at the base of which enagesa notch 3 6 in the rear end of the breecholt to hold the bolt and sleeve from relative turning movement when the shoulder engages the notch. When the breech-bolt ihaving the firing bolt sleeve attached thereto is pushed inward in its chamber the end of the prong 34 strikes the end of the frame or recelver and forces the pin 33 backward against the tension -of its spring, thus unlocking| the breech-bolt from the sleeve and permitting it to turn on the latter.

The firing bolt passes through the firing bolt sleeve and has a movable fit therein, one end of a firing bolt head 37 on the firing bolt being located in a recess 38 in the rear end of the firing bolt sleeve, and the rear end of said head being formed for manual operation.

Asafety locking pin 40, rotatably mounted in the head 31, has an eccentric flange 41' and a thumb piece 42, said flange being located in a slot 43 extending through the wall of the head 31 into lthe recess 38 therein. This safety locking pin is locked in place by engagement of the fiange with the slot, and the flange cannot be turned out off the slot except when the breech-bolt is removed from the frame for the reason that in ptss along the releasing grooves,

order to turn the safety pin suiiciently to permit such removal the thumb piece 42 will strike a lever 51, to be 'hereinafter described, when the breech-bolt is within the-frame. The flange 41 on the safety locking pin, when in lts releasing position, lies against the side of th'e firing bolt head through the slot 43, but when the firing bolt is pulled back the flange 41 may be turned into the slot and past the shoulder formed by the head 37 into the position shown in Fig. 6, thus retaining the firing bolt and firing pin in a rearward position so that said pin can-` not strike the primer of a cartridge. A spring 85 secured to the thumb piece 42 engages notches in the rear edge of the frame to yieldingly hold the locking pin in different positions. As an aid in engaging and disengaging the shoulder formed by the head 37 and the flange 41 these parts are provided respectively with beveled surfaces 44-45. A safety notch 46 is formed in the side of the breech-bolt to receive a safety lu 47 eccentrically located on the end of te safety locking pin 40. -This safety lug is located opposite the side of the breech-bolt,v the shoulder formed by this lug being located at the end of the breech-bolt. When'the parts are in their. normal position, as shown in Fig. 4, the breech-bolt is free to rotate, but when the safety pin is turnedto the position shown in Fig. 6 the lug 47 is located in the safety notch 46, thus locking the breech-bolt against rotating movement, and in this position of the parts the firing pin is also held in its inoperative position as hereinbefore described.

The firing bolt head has a firing pin releasing lug 48 and a firing pin cocking l'u'g 49, the latter being Ipositioned to engage a firing pin cooking cam 50 on a breech-bolt actuating lever '51 pivotally mounted on a stud 52 projecting from the side of the firing bolt sleeve head 31. This 'breech-bolt actuating lever is held in place on the head 31 by means of a lip 53 projecting from a thickened part of the lever into a groove 54 1n the head 31, and, like the safety locking pln 40, this lever can only be removed after the breech-bolt has 'been taken from the frame, as will be hereinafter described. A firing pin locking notch 55 is formed in the edge of the lever to vreceive the cooking lug 49 that is held in this notch by the force of the main spring 56 within the spring chamber 22, said spring thrusting with one end against the sleeve 30 and with its opposite end against the firing pin head 2 6, thus forcing the firing pin normally inward. The lever 51 is operatively engaged with the breech-bolt by means of breech-bolt operatlng lugs 57 on the side of the lever positioned to enter 'breech-bolt operating recesses 58 in the side of the breech-bolt, as herein shown there being two of said lugs and two iso y retaining pin extending across a cut-away' recess in the side of the breech-bolt loclng pin 33 may be employed to retain said locki nang-pin 1n place-,asshow-n in Fig. 9 of the drawlngs. y

. The actuating lever 51 is held in engagement with the recesses 58 and with the groove 54 on the head 31 by the breech-bolt,

which, when `in place in its cham'ber, is prevented from turning far lenough to permit disengagement of said parts, the breech-bolt being prevented from turning movement to this extent by engagement of the lugs 21 with the walls of the releasing grooves, this turning movement of the breech-bolt being stopped by. engagement of said lugs with that wall of the groove opposite the beveled portions 19.

An-extractor 62 is secured to the breechbolt by an extractor supporting ring 63 encircling said bolt and having out-turned ends engaging a T-shaped groove in a lug 64 on the extractor. The extractor is provided with a number of lugs, one at or near each end, and oneat the center, and its end is formed with a lip to engage the ilange of a cartridge in a well known manner. These lugs form a bearing for the extractor upon the breech-bolt, and the lug 65 near the front end also acts as a locking lug to secure the extractor to move with the breechbolt. This lug 65 is located at such distance from the front end of the breech-bolt that the locking and releasing lug 21 on this side of the breech-bolt passes behind it when the breech-bolt is turned to its unlocked position, and as the breech-bolt is moved backward the extractor is also caused to move backward. The releasing groove on this side of the receiver extends into the discharge opening 18, and the f ront end of the extractor being located in this groove closes it` against entrance of dirt, dust and other impurities.

A trigger guard plate support 66 1s secured to the receiver, a screw being shown herein for this purpose, and a trigger guard plate 67 is pivotally mounted between ears 68 formed on said support. A trigger guard sleeve 69 fits a screw threaded opening in the end of the trigger guard plate opposite its pivot and is provided on its inner end with slots as a means for adjusting its position. A trigger guard post 70 rigidly secured to one branch of the trigger guard 71 has a thread at its' base to fit the threaded inner wall of said sleeve, and the opposite end of the post is flattened, its edges being threaded to t an Oblong hole in the rear end of the frame or receiver 14. The opposite end or branch of the trigger guard has a tang 72 to fit a hole in the trigger guard plate, as shown in Fig. 2. This trigger guard has sufficient spring qualities to enable the tang to be .sprung into place 'and held therein by the spring action of the guard, the sleeve 69 being adjustable for the purpose of regulating this spring action. By springing the Y. tang fromengagement wlth the hole and turning itat an angle of about ninety degrees the threads on the end of the post 70 will be disengaged from the threads in the hole, thus unlocking the trigger guard plate and permittingit to, .swing downwardly, and a reverse action will lock the trigger guard plate in its closed posit tion. 85

A trigger opening 73 is formed through the trigger guard plate between the branches of said guard and a sear and trigger supporting frame 74 is secured within this open. ing and projects from the inner face of said plate. This frame is composed of sideparts separated crosswise of the frame forming trigger supporting arms 75 and sear supporting arms 76. Trunnions are formed on the opposite sides of the trigger 77 to rest in notches in the upper edges of the trigger supporting arms 7 5 to constitute the pivotal mount for the trigger', and slots 78 are formed in the upper edges of the sear suporting arms to receive trunnions extend- 100 1n from opposite sides of a sear 79.

y improved sear forms a part of a U- shaped member, one branch 8O of which controls the movements of the ring pin and the other branch 81 of which engages and pre- 105 vents movement of the breech-bolt by engagement Within holes 82-83, respectively, in the front and rear ends of the breech-bolt. A sear lug 84 projects from the under side of the sear to engage a slot in the upper end of the trigger, and the edge of the sear between the branches 80 and 81 is formed on a curve, as clearly `shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the sear branch 80 being formed with notches to engage the firing pin releasing lug 48. The edge of the hole 83 in the breech-bolt is cut-away or relieved on one side so that as the breech-bolt is rotated the branch 81 will pass out of said hole, and the holeI 82 near the front end of the breech- 120 bolt is so located that as the breech-bolt is moved backward this branch 81 will engage that hole and prevent further rearward movement of the breech-bolt. The hole 82 is relieved -on its'rear edge to permit disen- 125 'gagement of. the branch 81 from said hole when the-'beech-bolt is pushed forward.

It will 'be noted that this arrangement provides a safety mechanism in that when the breech-bolt is turned from its locked position the en d of the branch 81 will rest against the side of the breech-bolt and thus prevent such movement of the sear branch.

A magazine\87 is plvotally mounted upon .the pin 88 that pivotally secures the trigger guard plate67 to the support 66. The upper part of an end wall of this magazine has an angularly shaped slot 89 to receive an eccentrically mounted projection 90 on the end of a magazine shifting rod 91 rotatably mounted in the Vframe and having a magazine shifting lever 92 secured at its outer end. Notches 93 in the shifting lever 92 receive the rounded end of a spring pressed shifting lever holder 94, located in a recess in the frame and seated upon a spring that resiliently holds the pin in engagement with the notches in the lever but which will yield under suiicient force to permit manual movement of the lever. When this lever is in the position shown in Fig. 15 the magaz-ine is fully seated within its-chamber so that at each forward movement of the breech-bolt its front end will engage a vcartrd e and push it into the chamber within the arrel. When the lever is turned to the position shown by dotted lines a in Fig. 15 the magazine will be lowered to such position (shown by dotted lines in Fig. 10) that a forward movement of the breech-bolt will Inot push a cartridge into the magazine, but

the loading will then be done by hand and when the lever is in a position opposite to that shown in Fig. 15 the'magazine will be released so that it may be swung downwardly on its pivot. This may be done only when the breech-bolt has been removed from the frame.

The bottom 95 `of the magazine is made of spring material having a lip 96 projecting n into a recess 97 in the trigger guard plate 67. A groove 98 in the opposite thickened edge of this bottom is positioned to receive a flange 99 from the rear end of the magazine. rl`he lip 96 fits somewhat loosely in the recess 97 so that the bottom may be placed with the lip in this recess and then sprung into position and moved endwise to engage the ange 99 within the groove 98, to hold the magazine bottom in place.

From 'the foregoing description it will be noted that the breech-bolt is engaged with the bolt sleeve 30 by screwing the parts together, the screw thread on said sleeve preferably being a left-handed thread. When the engagement of the parts is thus nearly completed the lever 51 is placed upon the stud 52 and the lower one of the lugs 57 is engaged with the lower recess 58. Upon now completing the engagement of the breech-bolt and sleeve the lever will be moved with the handle 59 to its rearmost position, and the breech-bolt locking pin 33 will spring into the notch 36 in the end of the breech-bolt thus locking the parts together. The front end of the breech-bolt being now inserted in the chamber at the rear end of the frame and the handle 59 grasped to force the breech-bolt home, 'as the latter is moved' into its closed position the prong 34 will strike' the end of the frame and release the breech-bolt as hereinbefore described. This will permit the force upon the handle 59 to turn the lever 51 and also the breech-bolt to pass the lugs 21 into the locking groove 15 in the receiver. In this inward movement of the breech-bolt'the releasing lug 48 engages the sear 7 9l thus placing the firearm 1n condition to be red. I

The trigger now being pulled the Sear will rock upon its curved surfaces and against the receiver, the hole 83 in the breech-bolt permitting the branch 81 to move suiiciently to disengage the Sear. This permits the firing pin to move forward to explode the cartr1dge.

The handle 59 being now pulled backward the cooking cam 50 will engage the cooking lug 49, moving the firing bolt and firing pin backward, the edge of said cooking lug engaging within the locking' notch 55 and holding the parts in this engaged position. The enga-gement of the lugs 57 with the recesses 58, in this movement of the handle 59 also rotates the breech-bolt and moves the lugs 21 into registering position with respect to thereleasing grooves 17, the backward pull upon the handle59 moving said lugs down the beveled parts 19 of said grooves, and this pull upon the handle moving the breech-bolt backwardly just as soon as the lugs 21 register with the grooves 17. Vhen the breech-bolt reaches the backward limit of its play the branch 81 on the sear will spring into the hole 82 and prevent further backward movement of the breech-bolt. lf it is especially desired to entirely remove the breech-bolt, pressure in a forward direction upon the trigger will disengage the branch 81 from the hole and allow the breech-bolt to be removed from its chamber.l

'While l have shown and described herein a preferred form of mechanism embodying my invention, this may be changed 'to a greater or lesser degree and yet be within the spirit and intent of the invention.

l claim- V 1. A breech-bolt mechanism for a firearm, said mechanism including a breech-bolt., a

safetyimember movably mounted on said mechanism, a' member adapted to be rendered inactive by said safety member, means to retain the safety member in place for movement to a certain extent but to release it in an excessive movement, and means for preventing such excessive 'movement when the breech-bolt' members are assembled.

2. v A breech-bolt mechanism for a firearm, said mechanism including a rotatably mounted breech-bolt, a lever removably secured in place and operatively connected with the breech-bolt to rotate it, a safety member carried by said mechanism to render a part inactive, said member having a f'lange located in a groove and said flange being of an extent to pass out of said groove in an excessive rotation of the safety member, and means for rotating the safety member, said means being positioned to strike said lever to prevent excessive rotation of said safety member. 1-

3. A breech-bolt mechanism for a firearm, said mechanism including a rotatably mounted breech-bolt, a firing-'bolt sleeve to rotatably support the breech-bolt,- a head on lsaid sleeve, a firing member extending into the sleeve and into the breech-bolt, a safety member rotatably mounted in said head' and having .a flange extending through a groove inthe head to engage a member and render it inactive, said flange being of an extent to pass out of said groove in an excessive rotation of the safety member, a breech-'bolt actuating lever Vremovably mounted on said head, and operatively connected With the breech-bolt, and means foroperatingsaid safety member, said means being positioned to strike said lever to prevent excessive rotation ofthe safety member.

4. A firing mechanism for a firearm, said mechanism including a breech-bolt rotatably mounted in the receiver of the firearm, a breech-bolt actuating lever mounted upon 45 a ivot secured to move With the breechbo t, means for securing said lever on said pivot and for releasing said lever when it 1s in a certain position, and means for operating the lever. y t A 5. A firing mechanism for a firearm, said mechanismincluding a breech-bolt rotatably mounted in a chamber in the receiver of the firearm, a pivotally mounted breech-bolt actuating lever, means for operatively connecting `the lever with the breech-bolt operate the latter and for disconnecting saidl parts when the lever is moved to a certain position, and means for operating fthe lever.

6. A firing mechanism for a firearm, said mechanism including a. Ibreech-bolt rotatably mounted in a chamber in the receiver of the firearm, a pivotally mounted breech-bolt actuating lever, means for operatively connecting the lever and breech-bolt for operi 5 ation of the latter, means for retaining said tion, means operatively connecting the lever lever on its pivot Awhen in position to oper-V ate the breech-bolt and Ito release said lever when itis in another position, and means for operating said lever.

7. A firing mechanism for a firearm, said 70 mechanism including a breech-bolt rotatably mounted in a. chamber in the receiver of the firearm, a pivotally mounted breech-bolt actuating lever, means for operatively connecting the lever With the breech-'bolt to operate the latter and for disconnecting said parts when the lever is moved to a certain position, means for retainingthe lever on its pivot when in posiition to operate the breech-bolt and to release said lever for remova-l from its pivot when it is in the position :to release it from engagement with the breech-bolt, and means for operating the lever.

8. A firing mechanism for a firearm, said mechanism including a breech-bolt rotatably mounted in a chamber in the receiver of ithe firearm, a vfiring bolt sleeve to rotatably support the breech-bolt, a head upon said f sleeve, a ivot projecting from said head, a breech" olt actuating lever mounted 011 (the pivot, means lfor retaining the lever uponthe pivot in one position of the lever and for releasing it when in another posil with the breech-bolt torotate it when the. lever is in the one position and -to disengage said parts when the lever is in the other position, and means for operating the lever.

9. A firing mechanism' for a' firearm, said mechanism including a breech-bolt rotatably moun-ted in a chamber in the receiver of the firearm, a lbreech-bolt actuating lever mounted upon a pivot vandoperatively connected lto actua-te fthe breech-bolt, a lip u on said lever to engage a groove in ano'ter part to retain the lever on the pivot when said lever is in one position, but to disengage said lip and groove when the lever is yin another position, and means for operating the lever. o

10. A firing mechanism fora firearm, said mechanism includin a breech-bolt rotatably mounted in a c amber iin the 'receiver of thetfirearm, a firing-boltsleeve to rotatably support the breech-bolt a head upon said sleeve, a stud projecting from the head, the latter having a groove, a breech-bolt actuating lever pivotally mounted upon said head and having a lip to engage said groove when the lever is in one position and to Vbe disengaged from said groove Whenthe lever' is in another position, and means for operating the lever.`

11. A firingmechanism for arearm, 'said 125 .mechanism including a breech-bolt rotatably .mechanism including a breech-bolt rotatably and longitudinally movable in a chamber in the receiver of the firearm, a firing member movable longitudinally in the Ibreech-bolt,

a pivotally mounted breech-bolt actuatf ing lever, means for actuating the lever, means for connecting the lever and breechbol-t for rotating the latter, means for forcing the firing pin forward, means upon said lever for retracting the firing member, and a notch in the lever to receive a projection from the firing member to hold it agalnst rotation.

i 13./A- firearm including a receiver, a breech-bolt rotatably and longitudinally movable in a chamber in the receiver, a iring member having a spur to be located in a groove in the receiver, a pivotally mounted breech-bolt actuating lever, means for actuating the lever, means for connecting said lever and breech-boit for rotating the latter, and means upon the lever to engage the ring member and hold it against rotation when its spur is disengaged from said groove.

14. A firearm including a receiver, having a groove therein, a breech-bolt rotatably and longitudinally movable in a chamber in the receiver, a ring'member having a spurv to be located in the groove in the receiver, a pivotally mounted breech-bolt actuating lever having a notch therein, means for actuating the lever, means for connecting said lever and breech-bolt to rotate the latter, and a spur on the iring member to engage said notch and hold the firing member against rotation when the other spur is out of the groove in the receiver.

15. A firearm including a receiver, having a groove therein, a breech-bolt rotatably and longitudinally movable in a chamber in the receiver, a firing member supported for longitudinal movement in the breech-bolt and having a spur to be located in the groove in the receiver, means for forcing the firing member forward, a pivotally mounted breech-bolt actuating lever, means for actuating the lever, means for connecting said lever and breech-bolt to rotate the latter, means on said lever to retract said firing member, and a spur on the iiring member to engage said retracting means, said spur also engaging a notch in the lever to hold it from turning movement when the other spur is disengaged from the groove in the receiver.

16. A breech-bolt mechanism for a firearm including a breech-bolt and a firing member located therein, the latter including ing pin and a firing bolt secured together by interengaging screw threads, the one fitting within the other and forming a shoulder, a latch upon one of said parts engaging the shoulder upon the other part to prevent relative turning movement, said latch being located to rest against the inner surface of the breach-bolt to retain it in engagement with said shoulder.

18. A breech-bolt mechanism for a firearm including a breech-bolt and a firingmember located therein and including aliring pin and a firing bolt secured togethei by interengaging screw threads, the firing bolt fitting within the firing pin, a latch pivotally mounted upon the firing pin to engage a notch in said bolt and a spring surrounding the firing bolt and seated against the end of said latch. f

19. A firing mechanism for a `firearm, said mechanism including a breech-bolt longitudinally movable in a chamber in the* frame of the firearm and having a safety recess and a stop shoulder, a firing member movably supported in the breech-bolt, means for causing firing movement of said firing member, a Sear pivotally mounted to control the operation of said firing member, said sear having a projection located to strike the breech-bolt and prevent firing movement of the sear when the breech-bolt is out of firing position but to pass into said safety recess to permit firing movement of the sear -when the breech-bolt is in firing position,

said projection also being located to engage 'said stop shoulder to limit the backward movement of thebreech-bolt, and means for moving the sear in one direction to release said firing member and for moving the sear in the opposite direction to release its projection from said stop shoulder to permit removal of the'breech-bolt from the receiver.

20. A firing mechanism for a rearm, said mechanism including a breech-bolt longitudinally movable in a chamber in the frame of the firearm and having a safety recess, a. firing member longitudinally movable in the breech-bolt, .a sear pivotally mounted to control the operation of said firing member, means for causing firing movement of said firing member, said sear having a projection located to strike the breech-bolt and prevent ring movement of the sear when the breech-bolt is out of ring position, but to pass into said safety recess and permit firing movement of the sear to release said firing member when the breech-bolt is in firing position, and means for operating the sear to permit removal of the breech-bolt from the receiver. Y

21.d A firing mechanism for a firearm, said mechanism including a breech-'bolt longitudinally movable in a chamber in the frame of the firearm and having a stop shoulder, a firing member longitudinally movable in the breech-bolt, means for causing liring movement of said firing member, a sear pivotally'mounted to control 'the operation of said firing member, said sear having a projection located to engage said stop shoulder to limit the backward movement of the breech-bolt, and means for operating the sear.

22. A firing mechanism for a firearm, said mechanism including a breech-bolt longitudinally movable in a chamber in the frame of the firearm and having a stop shoulder, a firing member longitudinali)v movable in the breech-bolt, means for causing firing movement of said iring member, a sear pivotally mounted to control the operation of said firing member, said sear having a projection located to engage said stop shoulder to limit the backward movement of the breechbolt, and means for moving the sear in onedirection to release said firing member and for moving the sear in the opposite direction to release its projection from said Shoulder.

23. A firing mechanism for a firearm, said mechanism including a breech-bolt longitudinally movable in a chamber in the frame of the firearm and having asafety recess and stop shoulder, a. tiring member longitudinally movable in the breech-bolt, means for causing firing movement of said firing member, a Sear pivotally mounted to control the operation of said firing member, said sear having a projection located to strike the breechbolt and prevent firing movement of the sear when the 'breech-bolt is out of firing position but to pass into `said safety recess to permit firing movement of the sear when the breech-bolt is in firing position, said projection also being located to engage said stop shoulder to limit the backward movement of the breech-bolt, and means for operating the sear.

24. A receiver, a breech-bolt rotatably and longitudinally movable in said receiver, a ringnmember located within Vthe breechbolt, means for controlling operation of the tiring member, a sleeve attached to the breech-boltand upon which sleeve said bolt is rotatable, means automatically operable during the last complete rotation of the bolt with respect to the sleeve only to lock said parts together, a pivotally mounted actuating lever, and an operating connection between said lever and breech-bolt.

25. A tiring mechanism for a firearm, said mechanism including a breech-bolt longitudinally movable in a chamber in the frame of the firearm, a sleeve to which said breechbolt is secured, a tiring member longitudinally movable in the breech-bolt, an actuating lever pivotally mounted and carried with the breech-bolt, and a means for locking said actuating lever and firing member together.

26. A mechanism for a firearm, said mechanism including a breech-bolt longitudinally movable in a Chamber in the frame of the firearm, a tiring pin longitudinally movable in said bolt, an operating lever pivotallv mounted and carried with said bolt in its longitudinal movement, said lever being operatively connected with the breechbolt, and means for automatically locking said lever and firing pin in engagement.

GRANT HAMMOND. lVitnesses ARTHUR B. JENKINS, E. F. EATON. 

